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Changes Of State In The Refrigeration Circuit

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In a compression refrigeration system a refrigerant flows through the refrigeration circuit and is subject to different changes of state. Here, the physical effect is used that during the transition of the refrigerant from a liquid to a gaseous state energy is required which is removed from the environment (evaporation enthalpy). The experimental unit represents a typical refrigeration circuit consisting of a hermetic piston compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator. The evaporator and condenser are transparent to provide good monitoring of the phase transition process during evaporation and condensation. The operation of the float valve as expansion valve is also easy to observe. Before the entry into the evaporator the aggregate state of the refrigerant can be monitored at a sight glass. A water circuit cools the condenser or supplies the cooling load for the evaporator. Cold and hot water and refrigerant flows are adjustable. The low pressure level of the refrigerant used permits the use of an evaporator and condenser out of glass.

Learning Objectives/Experiments

Design and operation of a compression refrigeration system

Observe the evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant

Represent and understand the refrigeration cycle in the log p-h diagram

Energy balances

Calculation of the coefficient of performance

Specification

Demonstration of the processes in a refrigeration circuit

For better process monitoring the evaporator and condenser are of transparent design

Evaporator and condenser with pipe coil

Expansion valve in the shape of a float valve

Pressure switch to protect the compressor

Temperature sensor, power meter, manometer in the refrigeration circuit, flow meter for hot and cold water and refrigerant

Safety valves at the evaporator and condenser

Refrigerant Solkatherm

Technical Data

Hermetic piston compressor

capacity: 18,3cm3

Evaporator capacity: approx. 2800mL

Condenser capacity: approx. 2800mL

Refrigerant

SES36

GWP: 4121

filling volume: 1,2kg

CO2-equivalent: 4,9t

Measuring ranges

temperature: 8x -20…200°C

pressure: 2x -1…1,5bar

flow rate:

2x 0…48L/h (water)

0…700L/h (refrigerant)

power: 0…1200W

230V, 50Hz, 1 phase

230V, 60Hz, 1 phase

120V, 60Hz, 1 phase

 

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